Non-medical professional providing continuous physical, emotional, and informational support during pregnancy, birth, and postpartum. Ancient practice professionalized in 1990s, gained millennial mainstream awareness 2013-2020. Research shows doula support reduces interventions, increases satisfaction. Growing industry despite lack of insurance coverage.
The Birth Experience Movement
Millennial parents prioritized informed choices and supported birth experiences vs “just give me the baby” approach. Doulas provided advocacy in medical settings, comfort measures (massage, positioning, breathing), continuous presence unlike nurses rotating shifts. Cost $800-2,500 - accessible to middle-class, out of reach for many families who’d benefit most.
Medicaid Coverage Fight
2019-2023 saw push for state Medicaid coverage of doula services to address maternal mortality disparities (especially for Black women). Oregon, Minnesota, New Jersey, and others approved reimbursement. Movement highlighted intersection of birth justice, racial equity, and healthcare access. Doula profession diversified; community doula programs served low-income families.
https://www.dona.org/what-is-a-doula/ https://www.acog.org/clinical/clinical-guidance/committee-opinion/articles/2019/02/approaches-to-limit-intervention-during-labor-and-birth